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WP 2 Automation and distributed manufacturing

Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT)
– lead by
Dr. Heikki Handroos
[email protected]
+358 405107599

Dr. Heidi Piili
[email protected]
+358 40 5510710

Dr. Kari Ullakko
[email protected]
+358 50 410 53 76

3D-tulostuskynät olivat hittijuttu LUTra-festareilla

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3D-tulostuskynät olivat hittijuttu LUTra-festareilla

MFG 4.0-hanke oli mukana LUTra-festareilla, joilla vieraili 750 lasta opettajineen. LUTra on LUT-yliopistolla järjestettävä tapahtuma kaupungin kaikille 5.-luokkalaisille ja osa valtakunnallista Pikkuyrittäjä-konseptia. Päivän aikana oppilailla oli mahdollisuus nähdä ja kokea erilaisia rasteja, joissa yhdistyy yrittäjyyskasvatus ja kestävän tulevaisuuden rakentaminen.

MFG 4.0:n rastilla oli kokeiltavana erilaisia 3D-kyniä. Kyniä voidaan pitää ensimmäisenä askeleena kohti 3D-tulostuksen maailmaa.
Päivän aikana rastilla oli tungosta ja lasten mielikuvitukselliset hahmot ja muodot piirtyivät aluspaperilta ylöspäin. Muutama opettajakin uskaltautui kokeilemaan kynien mahdollisuuksia samalla ideoiden, miten niitä voisi hyödyntää esimerkiksi kuvaamataidon ja teknisen työn tunnilla.

Nopeasti LUTra-vieraamme huomasivat, että kolmiulotteisten muotojen tekeminen vaatii hyvää suunnittelua, luovuutta ja kärsivällisyyttä. Puhuimme lasten kanssa päivän aikana 3D-tulostuksesta, käytetyistä materiaaleista ja kynien turvallisuudesta. Moni iloinen ja tyytyväinen lapsi totesi rastin olleen ”ihan parasta”.  

Marika Hirvimäki

projektitutkija, LUT-yliopisto

3D-tulostus tutuksi opettajille

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3D-tulostus tutuksi opettajille

LUT-yliopistolla järjestettiin lokakuussa 3D-tulostuksen kaksipäiväinen koulutus toisen asteen oppilaitosten opettajille. Päätavoitteena oli esitellä 3D-tulostuksen mahdollisuuksia ja monivaiheinen työnkulku käytännön työskentelyn kautta. Lähiopetuspäivät olivat osa Opetushallituksen rahoittamaa Opettaja modernien 3D-teknologioiden osaajana -täydennyskoulutusta ja ne toteutettiin yhteistyössä Mfg4.0-hankkeen kanssa. Syksyn 2022 koulutukseen otettiin mukaan 20 henkilöä ja kevään 2023 koulutukseen paikkoja on saman verran.

 

 

Lähipäivää ennen osallistujat saivat ennakkotehtäväksi suunnitella sormuksen 3D-mallin. Sormuksen sai tehdä käyttämällä esimerkiksi ilmaista Tinkercad 3D-kappaleen piirto-ohjelmaa tai ottamalla mallin internetistä löytyvistä 3D-mallikirjastoista. Käytännönläheisen päivän aikana käytiin läpi 3D-mallin suunnittelu, tulostuksen valmistelu, tulostusprosessi ja jälkikäsittelyt. Koulutukseen osallistuvien sormukset 3D-tulostettiin muovista sekä metallista ja päivän lopuksi jokainen pääsi vielä hiomaan ja kiillottamaan oman sormuksensa.

Lähipäivään osallistujat olivat hyvin innostuneita ja motivoituneita aiheesta. Puhetta, naurua ja energiaa riitti kumpanakin päivänä aamusta iltapäivään asti. Tuntui, että jokainen osallistuja löysi 3D-tulostuksesta omanlaisensa tartuntapinnan työhönsä alasta riippumatta. Osaa motivoi uusien kurssien kehittäminen ja toisia taas 3D-tulostimen hankkiminen omaan oppilaitokseen. Toki joukossa oli niitäkin, joiden oli vaikea hahmottaa miten oppimaansa hyödyntää käytännössä. Päivä jäi heillekin palautteen mukaan positiiviseksi kokemukseksi ja asia hautumaan tulevaisuutta varten. Kouluttajien näkökulmasta oli ennen kaikkea mahtavaa, että paikalla oli innokkaita ja kysymyksiä esittäviä osallistujia, jotka ottivat aktiivisesti päivän tehtävät vastaan. Tällä saadulla kokemuksella ja positiivisella palautteella on hyvä jatkaa kohti kevään koulutuksia.

Marika Hirvimäki

projektitutkija, LUT-yliopisto

Ilkka Poutiainen

Laboratorion päällikkö , LUT-yliopisto

Towards sustainable society -6 different viewpoints of  the MFG4.0 research presented at Strategic Research Scientific Conference

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Towards sustainable society -6 different viewpoints of  the MFG4.0 research presented at Strategic Research Scientific Conference

The Strategic Research conference brings together scholars from different research fields with a common interest in exploring responses to societal challenges in a fair, just, and sustainable society. The conference will foster an exchange of ideas, approaches, and insights between the disciplines.

 

Strategic Research – Scientific Conference:
 A fair, just and sustainable society

Time

12 October 2022 – 13 October 2022

Place
Epicenter, Mikonkatu 9, Helsinki

Our researchers will present abstracts on the following themes:

Additive Manufacturing Point-of-View to Firm Resilience

Presenter:Mikael Collan

Resilience is the ability of firms to cope with sudden and dramatic changes in the business environment. Typically, firms with the flexibility to change how they operate in terms of what they produce and how they work are less vulnerable to dramatic changes than companies with fixed architectures and product assortments.

This presentation talks about the manufacturing and national resilience that is created through added manufacturing. When fleets of additive manufacturing equipment are harnessed to provide critical manufacturing in times of crisis, they are a source of resilience. This requires preparation and active orchestration.

Mikael Collan

Professor at LUT University, Director General at VATT (Institute for Economic Research)

Towards sustainability in the metal industry using 3D printing

Presenter: Jyrki Savolainen
Co-authors: Ilkka Poutiainen, Marika Hirvimäki, Kari Ullakko, Ville Laitinen

The interest in additive manufacturing (AM), commonly known as 3D printing, has grown enormously over the last decade. AM is a novel way to produce unique parts offering new business opportunities and improved environmental sustainability of production. The current literature on AM emphasizes its positive effects on the sustainability of global production supply chains. We claim that the AM design and production can either positively or negatively influence the final product’s overall cost and resource efficiency.

Metal powders for AM are expensive, and manufacturing these powders consumes significantly more energy than sheet or bar materials. In this paper, we discuss how cost-effectiveness and sustainability are achieved when parts are redesigned using, e.g., lattice structures, an optimal printing position, and minimizing the need for post-processing.

Jyrki Savolainen

Post Doctoral Researcher at LUT University

Towards General Theory of Sustainable Development: Systematic Digital Twin Operationalisation of the Grand Sustainability Theory

Presenter: Jari Kaivo-oja

Co-authors: Jyrki Luukkanen, Jarmo Vehmas & Tadht O ́MahonyAcross decades of contemporary discussion on sustainable development, a core debate has concerned whether economic growth can be made sustainable, environmentally and socially.
In recent years, this has become a debate about economic growth versus economic degrowth, whether the former can be environmentally sustainable and whether the latter can be socially sustainable. In the presentation, the author presents the general theory of sustainable growth and development and links the use of the model to the development challenges of digital twins.

This developed theory can be used in national sustainability assessment and planning, as well as in regional policy or urban planning. The model forms the core of sustainable development or sustainability science.

Jari Kaivo-oja

Research Director, Dr, Adjunct Professorat University of Turku

Towards a Sustainable Portfolio Theory - Foresight-driven strategic asset allocation and SDG (Sustainable Development Goals) alignment

Presenter: Ville Korpela
Co-authors: Jari Kaivo-oja, Arne Fagerström & Petri Kuusisto

Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) has formed the core theoretical basis for asset allocation strategies of institutional investors for several decades. Recently, there have been wider calls among practitioners and the academic community to extend the existing theory to include broader impacts on the societal level to align investment practices globally with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the paper, we discuss an outline for a sustainable portfolio theory (SPT) by extending the existing modern portfolio theory (MPT). Our objective is to demonstrate a relationship between the values businesses create and the impact investors are capturing.

Ville Korpela

PhD Researcher, Turku School of Economics, University of Turku

Visionary-Thinking in Sustainable Industrial Development in Finland - The Case of Allied ICT Finland ́s Vision-Building Processy

Presenter: Mikkel Knudsen
Co-authors: Jari Kaivo-oja & Tero Villman

Europe must renew itself to retain its 35 million industrial jobs in an increasingly fierce global competition. The industrial renewal must happen in concerto with bold ambitions for the twin, green and digital transitions, and it must be executed within the modern VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity) decision environment. Our research highlights potential pathways for Finnish industry and steps for the Finnish government, businesses, and society. Based on the visioning process, Industry 6.0 is defined as “ubiquitous, customer-driven, virtualized, antifragile manufacturing”. It is characterized by customer-centric, highly customized lot-size-1 thinking and by hyper-connected factories with dynamic supply chains and data flows across domains.

Mikkel Knudsen

Project Researcher, Finland Futures Research Centre (FFRC) M.Sc. (Pol. Science) University of Turku

The challenges of long-term development for Finnish education and education policy to meet the demands of Manufacturing 4.0

Presenter: Maarit Virolainen
Co-author: Juhani Rautopuro

The so-called Manufacturing 4.0, sets needs to reform education, and they relate to the following three points: (1) to define, picture, and design what kind of reforms and for which parts of the education system and curricula are needed to instil fair, just and sustainable society and adapt to the change of technology in society, (2) to assess and evaluate, if the targeted change has been met in the learning of various learner groups before and after the reform. The presentation discusses the latest reforms in education and the role of research in identifying developmental education needs.

Maarit Virolainen

Project Researcher PhD (Adult education), MA (Social sciences) at University of Jyväskylä

Read more about the event

The newest MFG4.0 dissertation reveals the potential of additive manufacturing for facilitating the development of magnetic shape memory alloy actuators

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The newest MFG4.0 dissertation reveals the potential of additive manufacturing for facilitating the development of magnetic shape memory alloy actuators

MSc Ville Laitinen will defend his dissertation in the field of Technical Physics at LUT University. His doctoral thesis is titled Laser powder bed fusion for the manufacture of Ni-Mn-Ga magnetic shape memory alloy actuators.

It consists of a series of experimental investigations:  a laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing process and a subsequent heat-treatment process were developed for the manufacture of functional polycrystalline Ni-Mn-Ga-based magnetic shape memory (MSM) alloy.

 

Ville Laitinen

Junior Researcher,
LUT University

Image: Laitinen, V., Saren, A., Sozinov, A. and Ullakko, K., 2021. Giant 5.8% magnetic-field-induced strain in additive manufactured Ni-Mn-Ga magnetic shape memory alloy. Scripta Materialia, 208, p.114324.

The findings demonstrate that the chemical composition and resulting MSM-related properties of the L-PBF-built Ni-Mn-Ga can be precisely changed in-situ by adjusting the applied L-PBF process parameters to control the selective evaporation of Mn. A repeatable and fully reversible magnetic-field-induced strain of 5.8% is demonstrated for a single crystalline grain of an L-PBF-built Ni-Mn-Ga.

Practically, the reported results will permit the exploration of polycrystalline-MSM-based devices with a geometric freedom that has thus far been impossible with conventional manufacturing methods.

The results suggest that additive manufacturing can facilitate miniaturization and simplification of electromechanical devices in which traditional mechanisms and piezoelectric materials are impractical.

 


Laitinen, V. (2021). Laser powder bed fusion for the manufacture of Ni-Mn-Ga magnetic shape memory alloy actuators.

The dissertation will take place  at LUT University on 3rd of December 2021 at 12pm(UTC+2).

Zoom link

The dissertation will take place  at LUT University on 3rd of December 2021 at 12pm(UTC+2).

Opponents:
Professor Inigo Flores Ituarte Tampere University
Professor Ilkka Tittonen Aalto University

Custos:
Professor Kari Ullakko of LUT University

Keywords

additive manufacturing, 4D printing, laser powder bed fusion, Ni-Mn-Ga, magnetic shape memory, magnetic-field-induced strain, twinning

Link to the dissertation

The newest MFG4.0 dissertation reveals the remarkable potential of additive manufacturing in the circular economy

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The newest MFG4.0 dissertation reveals the remarkable potential of additive manufacturing in the circular economy

Patricia Nyamekye defended her Thesis this week at LUT University: Her research focused on Life cycle cost-driven design for additive manufacturing

The dissertation of Nyamekye on additive manufacturing (AM) (popularly known as 3D printing) included investigatory research of resource consumptions, effects of process factors, and life cycle cost of AM.

Patricia Nyamekye

Junior Researcher, LUT University

The study consists of engineering and business approaches to identifying the best adoption plan for 3D printing. The findings prove that AM offers new opportunities with design flexibility and superior functional components that reduce industrial users’ life cycle costs.

The manufacturing method enhances the circular economy through material reuse and extended service life with optimised and superior components.

 

Nyamekye. P.(2021). Life cycle cost-driven design for additive manufacturing: the frontier to sustainable manufacturing in laser-based powder bed fusion

Keywords

Additive manufacturing, design for additive manufacturing, (DfAM), circular economy, (CE), laser-based powder bed fusion, (L-PBF), life cycle cost, LCC-driven, metal AM, metal L-PBF, simulation-driven DfAM, sustainability.

Link to the dissertation

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